Introduction:
Background: Serum potassium disorders are often seen is chronic kidney disease. There are several causes for the disturbances in potassium homeostasis including renin-aldosterone-angiotensin II axis changes, renal clearance, renal disease cause, metabolic acidosis and nutritional state.
Methods:
Objective: This study assessed the level of serum potassium in Grades 3-5 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) population compared to the renal diagnoses and urinary tract infection (UTI) occurrence. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a community nephrology clinic in Quebec, Canada that included laboratory and radiologic data collection from April 1, 2015 until June 30, 2022.
Results:
Results: Upon review of 310 medical charts, two hundred and thirty 230 subjects were included in the study analyses. They had a median age of 73.5 years (IQR 31-92), and 56% of the subjects was male. The prevalences of Grade 3, Grade 4 and Grade 5 CKD were 53%, 34%, and 13%. The median follow-up time was 1555 days (28-4864). The cumulative urinary tract rate was 0.16 person days. The trend of serum potassium levels was as follows for without UTI, single event and multiple events, respectively, 4.5 (2.6-6.0), 4.6 (3.5-5.6) and 4.75 (3.6-5.6) mmol/L, p=0.0092. The multivariate generalized linear models (GLM) is were carried out for the point period analyses. In the adjusted GLM, for every unit serum potassium mmol/L, there is 22% lesser odds of no UTI occurrence compared to a single UTI event as the referent (OR 0.78 (95%CI 0.64-0.96) p=0.0153, adjusted for diabetes status, CKD Grade, serum bicarbonate less than 18mmo/l and psoas muscle size by quartiles. The odds for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus present were 27% higher for every mmol/l of serum potassium (OR 1.26 (95% CI 1.10-1.45), p= 0.001. Obstructive renal disease had the higher odds 29% for every mmol/l of serum potassium (OR 1.29 (95% CI 0.63-0.96), p=0.0221.
Conclusions:
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated an overall association between serum potassium, UTI occurrence and CKD grades. UTI occurrence has increased probability of hyperkalemia. These findings can assist in early recognition in later renal disease grades to prevent hyperkalemia life-threatening events.
I have no potential conflict of interest to disclose.
I did not use generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process.